作答結果 · 第 1 次作答
114 台綜大普通生物學 · 台綜大 · 114 · 普通生物學 · 紀錄 #3
1. Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP in eukaryotic cells?
taizong-biology-114-q001
你的答案:C mitochondrion
詳解
2. Which of the following is the most abundant molecule present in the plasma membrane in animal cells?
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你的答案:D lipids
詳解
3. The endomembrane system governs the process of protein synthesis and several metabolic reactions in cells. Which of the following organelles is NOT included in the endomembrane system?
taizong-biology-114-q003
你的答案:C endosome
正確答案:E mitochondria
詳解
4. Which of the following tissue categories does NOT belong to the four fundamental tissues in animals?
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你的答案:C nervous tissue
正確答案:A adipose tissue
詳解
5. Which of the following tissues is specialized for contraction?
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你的答案:C muscle tissue
詳解
6. Color blindness is an X-linked recessive hereditary disease due to the deficiency of specific photoreceptors in the retina. One man with color blindness got married to a carrier woman. If they give birth to two boys, what is the probability of both offspring being afflicted with this disease?
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你的答案:B 1/4
詳解
7. Which organ is responsible for filtering blood and generating urine in mammals?
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你的答案:E kidney
詳解
8. Which of the following categories can NOT be perceived as taste when our mouth eats food or drinks a beverage?
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你的答案:C spicy
詳解
9. The circulatory system is composed of the systemic circuit and the pulmonary circuit, which are essential for our survival. Which of the following tubes holds the highest oxygen levels?
taizong-biology-114-q009
你的答案:B pulmonary vein
詳解
10. Coagulation is a delicate mechanism controlling clot formation and preventing blood drainage. What kind of dietary deficiency and clotting factor deficiency would lead to defective blood clotting and hemophilia A?
taizong-biology-114-q010
你的答案:D vitamin B₁₂; von Willebrand factor
正確答案:E vitamin K; factor VIII
詳解
11. COVID-19 causes a global pandemic and millions of deaths. Vaccination is efficient for preventing virus infection, because which type of antibody will be secreted after this preventive medical treatment?
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你的答案:D IgG
詳解
12. Which brain structure is associated with memory formation, especially for short-term memory?
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你的答案:A hippocampus
詳解
13. Which of the following structures acts as a pacemaker in the heart and is responsible for the establishment of the rhythm of heartbeat?
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你的答案:B AV node
正確答案:C SA node
詳解
14. Which part of the brain regulates vital functions like breathing and heart rate?
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你的答案:B medulla oblongata
詳解
15. Humoral immune response is essential for combating pathogens. Which cells are responsible for producing antibodies?
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你的答案:D plasma B cells
詳解
16. After a high-carbohydrate meal, which hormone stimulates the utilization of glucose into the cell and lowers blood glucose?
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你的答案:A insulin
詳解
17. What is the primary nitrogenous waste in mammals?
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你的答案:D nitrate
正確答案:B urea
詳解
18. Sponges are filter-feeders. Which structure enables this function?
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你的答案:D Spongecoel
正確答案:B Choanocytes
詳解
19. Which statement about Echinodermata is incorrect?
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你的答案:B Water vascular system
正確答案:D Adult mouth develops from the blastopore of the embryo
詳解
20. Which is a structure of cnidarians?
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你的答案:C Choanoflagellate
正確答案:B Nematocyst
詳解
21. Which feature correctly matches the animal?
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你的答案:E Flame cells: tapeworm
正確答案:D Swim bladder: bony fish
詳解
22. Which is not a characteristic of mammals?
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你的答案:A Hair
正確答案:D Nipple
詳解
23. Which of the following organisms uses a lophophore for feeding?
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你的答案:C Gastropod
正確答案:D Ectoproct
詳解
24. Which is not a characteristic of all bony fish?
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你的答案:C Flexible cartilage
詳解
25. What is the function of the notochord?
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你的答案:D Support
詳解
26. DDT concentration is highest in dolphins due to which phenomenon?
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你的答案:B Biological magnification
詳解
27. Which of the following describes a relationship where one species is harmed or inhibited while the other is unaffected?
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你的答案:C Amensalism
詳解
28. Energy left after plant use for herbivores is called:
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你的答案:B Ecological pyramid
正確答案:C Net primary productivity
詳解
29. Total plant biomass in an ecosystem at a time is:
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你的答案:A Biomass
正確答案:D Standing crop
詳解
30. In summer, temperate lakes develop:
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你的答案:E
正確答案:D Thermocline
詳解
31. Which of the following is true about El Niño?
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你的答案:B It occurs during the summer typhoon season
正確答案:A The Southern Oscillation Index is low
詳解
32. Which is not a K-selected trait?
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你的答案:D Large offspring size
正確答案:B One-time reproduction
詳解
33. What is it called when plants begin colonizing barren land and form a community?
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你的答案:B Secondary succession
正確答案:A Primary succession
詳解
34. Prop roots are the modified aerial adventitious roots of corn that ___.
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你的答案:D support tall, top-heavy plants
詳解
35. Carotenoids are often found in foods that are considered to have antioxidant properties in human nutrition. What related function do they have in plants?
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你的答案:D They serve as accessory pigments to increase light absorption.
正確答案:B They protect against oxidative damage from excessive light energy.
詳解
36. Which of the following is a major trend in land plant evolution?
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你的答案:B the trend toward a sporophyte-dominated life cycle
詳解
37. Which of the following frequently imposes a limit on cell size?
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你的答案:B the volume of the endomembrane system
正確答案:C ratios of surface area to volume
詳解
38. A young farmer purchases some land in a relatively arid area and is interested in earning a reasonable profit for many years. Which of the following strategies would best allow the farmer to achieve such a goal?
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你的答案:D selecting crops adapted to arid areas
詳解
39. Which of the following types of cells are affected most by telomere shortening?
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你的答案:D only eukaryotic cells
詳解
40. A principal problem with inserting an unmodified mammalian gene into a plasmid and then getting that gene expressed in bacteria is that ___.
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你的答案:C prokaryotes use a different genetic code from that of eukaryotes
正確答案:A bacteria cannot remove eukaryotic introns
詳解
41. Which of the following processes uses labeled probes to visualize the expression of genes in whole tissues and organisms?
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你的答案:A DNA microarrays
正確答案:B *in situ* hybridization
詳解
42. Which structure or compartment is separate from the apoplastic route?
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你的答案:B the cell wall of a root hair
正確答案:D the lumen of a sieve tube
詳解
43. Under what conditions do photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur in plants?
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你的答案:A Photosynthesis occurs only in the light, and cellular respiration occurs in both the dark and the light.
詳解
44. Which of the following statements defines a *genome*?
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你的答案:D the complete set of an organism's genes and other DNA sequences
詳解
45. Which of the following sex and generation combinations directly produces the pollen tube of angiosperms?
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你的答案:C male gametophyte
詳解
46. Biologists sometimes divide living organisms into two groups: autotrophs and heterotrophs. These two groups differ in ___.
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你的答案:D their sources of carbon
詳解
47. Which of the following processes occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis?
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你的答案:A synapsis of chromosomes
詳解
48. It became apparent to Watson and Crick after completion of their model that the DNA molecule could carry a vast amount of hereditary information. Which of the following characteristics of DNA is responsible for this?
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你的答案:D sequence of bases
詳解
49. Which of the following observations about flagella is accurate and is consistent with the scientific conclusion that the flagella from archaea and bacteria evolved independently?
taizong-biology-114-q049
你的答案:C The flagella of the two groups differ in size.
正確答案:A The protein structures in the flagella are different.
詳解
50. Which domains of life are classified as prokaryotes?
taizong-biology-114-q050
你的答案:A Bacteria and Protista
正確答案:B Bacteria and Archaea