題目卡 · 114 台綜大普通生物學
台綜大 · 114 · 普通生物學 · 50 題
Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP in eukaryotic cells?
正確答案:C mitochondrion
詳解
Which of the following is the most abundant molecule present in the plasma membrane in animal cells?
正確答案:D lipids
詳解
The endomembrane system governs the process of protein synthesis and several metabolic reactions in cells. Which of the following organelles is NOT included in the endomembrane system?
正確答案:E mitochondria
詳解
Which of the following tissue categories does NOT belong to the four fundamental tissues in animals?
正確答案:A adipose tissue
詳解
Which of the following tissues is specialized for contraction?
正確答案:C muscle tissue
詳解
Color blindness is an X-linked recessive hereditary disease due to the deficiency of specific photoreceptors in the retina. One man with color blindness got married to a carrier woman. If they give birth to two boys, what is the probability of both offspring being afflicted with this disease?
正確答案:B 1/4
詳解
Which organ is responsible for filtering blood and generating urine in mammals?
正確答案:E kidney
詳解
Which of the following categories can NOT be perceived as taste when our mouth eats food or drinks a beverage?
正確答案:C spicy
詳解
The circulatory system is composed of the systemic circuit and the pulmonary circuit, which are essential for our survival. Which of the following tubes holds the highest oxygen levels?
正確答案:B pulmonary vein
詳解
Coagulation is a delicate mechanism controlling clot formation and preventing blood drainage. What kind of dietary deficiency and clotting factor deficiency would lead to defective blood clotting and hemophilia A?
正確答案:E vitamin K; factor VIII
詳解
COVID-19 causes a global pandemic and millions of deaths. Vaccination is efficient for preventing virus infection, because which type of antibody will be secreted after this preventive medical treatment?
正確答案:D IgG
詳解
Which brain structure is associated with memory formation, especially for short-term memory?
正確答案:A hippocampus
詳解
Which of the following structures acts as a pacemaker in the heart and is responsible for the establishment of the rhythm of heartbeat?
正確答案:C SA node
詳解
Which part of the brain regulates vital functions like breathing and heart rate?
正確答案:B medulla oblongata
詳解
Humoral immune response is essential for combating pathogens. Which cells are responsible for producing antibodies?
正確答案:D plasma B cells
詳解
After a high-carbohydrate meal, which hormone stimulates the utilization of glucose into the cell and lowers blood glucose?
正確答案:A insulin
詳解
What is the primary nitrogenous waste in mammals?
正確答案:B urea
詳解
Sponges are filter-feeders. Which structure enables this function?
正確答案:B Choanocytes
詳解
Which statement about Echinodermata is incorrect?
正確答案:D Adult mouth develops from the blastopore of the embryo
詳解
Which is a structure of cnidarians?
正確答案:B Nematocyst
詳解
Which feature correctly matches the animal?
正確答案:D Swim bladder: bony fish
詳解
Which is not a characteristic of mammals?
正確答案:D Nipple
詳解
Which of the following organisms uses a lophophore for feeding?
正確答案:D Ectoproct
詳解
Which is not a characteristic of all bony fish?
正確答案:C Flexible cartilage
詳解
What is the function of the notochord?
正確答案:D Support
詳解
DDT concentration is highest in dolphins due to which phenomenon?
正確答案:B Biological magnification
詳解
Which of the following describes a relationship where one species is harmed or inhibited while the other is unaffected?
正確答案:C Amensalism
詳解
Energy left after plant use for herbivores is called:
正確答案:C Net primary productivity
詳解
Total plant biomass in an ecosystem at a time is:
正確答案:D Standing crop
詳解
In summer, temperate lakes develop:
正確答案:D Thermocline
詳解
Which of the following is true about El Niño?
正確答案:A The Southern Oscillation Index is low
詳解
Which is not a K-selected trait?
正確答案:B One-time reproduction
詳解
What is it called when plants begin colonizing barren land and form a community?
正確答案:A Primary succession
詳解
Prop roots are the modified aerial adventitious roots of corn that ___.
正確答案:D support tall, top-heavy plants
詳解
Carotenoids are often found in foods that are considered to have antioxidant properties in human nutrition. What related function do they have in plants?
正確答案:B They protect against oxidative damage from excessive light energy.
詳解
Which of the following is a major trend in land plant evolution?
正確答案:B the trend toward a sporophyte-dominated life cycle
詳解
Which of the following frequently imposes a limit on cell size?
正確答案:C ratios of surface area to volume
詳解
A young farmer purchases some land in a relatively arid area and is interested in earning a reasonable profit for many years. Which of the following strategies would best allow the farmer to achieve such a goal?
正確答案:D selecting crops adapted to arid areas
詳解
Which of the following types of cells are affected most by telomere shortening?
正確答案:D only eukaryotic cells
詳解
A principal problem with inserting an unmodified mammalian gene into a plasmid and then getting that gene expressed in bacteria is that ___.
正確答案:A bacteria cannot remove eukaryotic introns
詳解
Which of the following processes uses labeled probes to visualize the expression of genes in whole tissues and organisms?
正確答案:B *in situ* hybridization
詳解
Which structure or compartment is separate from the apoplastic route?
正確答案:D the lumen of a sieve tube
詳解
Under what conditions do photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur in plants?
正確答案:A Photosynthesis occurs only in the light, and cellular respiration occurs in both the dark and the light.
詳解
Which of the following statements defines a *genome*?
正確答案:D the complete set of an organism's genes and other DNA sequences
詳解
Which of the following sex and generation combinations directly produces the pollen tube of angiosperms?
正確答案:C male gametophyte
詳解
Biologists sometimes divide living organisms into two groups: autotrophs and heterotrophs. These two groups differ in ___.
正確答案:D their sources of carbon
詳解
Which of the following processes occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis?
正確答案:A synapsis of chromosomes
詳解
It became apparent to Watson and Crick after completion of their model that the DNA molecule could carry a vast amount of hereditary information. Which of the following characteristics of DNA is responsible for this?
正確答案:D sequence of bases
詳解
Which of the following observations about flagella is accurate and is consistent with the scientific conclusion that the flagella from archaea and bacteria evolved independently?
正確答案:A The protein structures in the flagella are different.
詳解
Which domains of life are classified as prokaryotes?
正確答案:B Bacteria and Archaea